DEGREE OF COMPARISON

RECOUNT TEXT

Maria’s hand glided through the warm clear water. Stroke after stroke she moved lazily in the Australian summer. She wasn’t a good swimmer; swimming in the shallow creek brought both fear  and  excitement.  She  didn’t  bother  with  bathers,  she  just threw on a t-shirt and some shorts.

She cracked her neck and fingers and lay back floating on the water.  Closing  her  eyes  she  started  humming,  forgetting  her life, forgetting about her parents arguing, forgetting about her loss and sorrow. Forgetting everything.

Maria’s  heart  skipped  a  beat  when  a  dark  shadow  lurked slowly around her. She stayed on her back not daring to move.

The  possibility  of  sharks  was  high.  Her  heart  stopped.  What was she supposed to do? The shark would either attack or not, she was doomed if it did. Tears rolled down her cheek as she felt something brush against her left shoulder. 

Maria felt herself flying through the water. She gulped for air as she screamed. Falling she grabbed a tuft of grass at the edge of  the  bank.  Maria  heaved  herself  up  and  coughed  out  some water.  Rolling  over  she  peered  into  the  water,  adrenaline pumping her veins.

She nearly kicked herself, a dolphin was grinning  at  her,  its  eyes  sparkling.  A  huge  grin  spread  across her face, she had never seen such a magical creature so close before. 

The  dolphin  echoed  and  splashed  a  huge  gust  of  water  at Maria. Giggling she reached over and patted the slippery latex like surface of its head.  Dolphins were  always  happy;  they  needn’t  worry  about trouble.  Maria  played  with  her  little  friend  for ages until the horizon made a beautiful orange colour. “I have to go now, but I’ll be back tomorrow!” she whispered.

 It appeared as if the dolphin knew what she had said. Maria would wait for another day of play and wonder.  By Emma Parker 7A

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

I remember one statement that some people often say, “my house is my heaven”. For some people, house is the most comfortable place to do some activities or just to take a rest. Especially for us students, we will always miss our lovely house in our hometown. Of course I do too. Now, I will tell you about my lovely house. My lovely house is located in Tuban. You will find a house with green fence at Jalan Pramuka 9 number 1.

            My lovely house is not big, but large enough. From the front, there is a small garden on your right side and a garage on your left side. The small garden makes my house looks more beautiful and fresh with some flowers and trees. My mother and I always maintain this garden because we love planting and gardening. The garage is not large. It just enough for three motorcycles. In front of my house, there is also a small terrace. In this terrace, my family and I usually enjoy fresh air in the morning.

            From the front, I will invite you to enter my house. Just one step from the terrace, you will look a simple living room. In this room, there is just a carpet, not sofa. On your right corner, there is an ancient wooden handicraft. There are three calligraphies on the wall. This room is often used as a place to gather with my big family in every special moment.

            Beside the living room, there is a large family room. There is a television in front of your side. There are two big wardrobes on your left side and four wooden chairs beside those wardrobes. My mother and I always keep tidy and clean this room to make our family feel comfort when they stay in this room. We usually use this room for discussing anything with family and for watching television together.

            Next to my family room, there are three bedrooms on your right side. They are mine, my brother’s and my parent’s. Our bedrooms are not large, but so simple. There are one bed, one small wardrobe, and one calligraphy in every bedroom. This simple bedroom makes us feel comfort to take a rest.

            Then, the last is the back side of my house. There is a large kitchen. You can find one cupboard to save many plates, glasses, spoons and ext on your left side. Beside the cupboard, there is a gas stove. This kitchen always looks clean. Beside of the kitchen, there is a bathroom.

            These are all areas of my lovely house. Although my house is not luxurious, it is comfortable for me and my family because we always keep it clean and tidy.  By Prisca Rizki Khalifah

PROCEDURE TEXT

Charging an laptop battery is as easy as plugging the laptop into an electrical outlet and leaving the machine off for a span of time. If the computer and battery are operating properly, the battery will charge during this process. However, if the laptop is in use and the battery requires a charge, there are a few steps to take to decrease the power demand from using the laptop and increase the power available to the battery charging mechanism. The laptop’s “Power Plan” may be changed or customized with just a few simple steps.

1 Right-click on the Power icon in the system tray at the bottom right of the Windows desktop. The Power icon looks like a D-cell battery and may appear to have a power cord connector in front, if the laptop is currently plugged into AC current.

2 Select “Power Options” from the context menu. The Power Options settings page will appear. Three power plans are provided by default: Balanced, Power Saver and High Performance.

3 Click the radio button in front of the “Power Saver” option to increase power to the battery charger while the laptop is in use.

4 Close the Power Options window by clicking the “X” in the top right corner. The selection will save on exit. By Tammy Clevenger

REPORT TEXT

There are about 5,000 different species of ladybugs in the world. These much loved critters are also known as lady beetles or ladybird beetles. They come in many different colors and patterns, but the most familiar in North America is the seven-spotted ladybug, with its shiny, red-and-black body.

The name "ladybug" was created by European farmers who prayed to the Virgin Mary when pests began eating their crops. After ladybugs came and wiped out the invading insects, the farmers named them "beetle of Our Lady." This eventually was shortened to "lady beetle" and "ladybug."

In many cultures, ladybugs are considered good luck. Most people like them because they are pretty, graceful, and harmless to humans. But farmers love them because they eat aphids and other plant-eating pests. One ladybug can eat up to 5,000 insects in its lifetime!

Most ladybugs have oval, dome-shaped bodies with six short legs. Depending on the species, they can have spots, stripes, or no markings at all. Seven-spotted ladybugs are red or orange with three spots on each side and one in the middle. They have a black head with white patches on either side.

Ladybugs are colorful for a reason. Their markings tell predators: "Eat something else! I taste terrible." When threatened, the bugs will secrete an oily, foul-tasting fluid from joints in their legs. They may also play dead. Birds are ladybugs' main predators, but they also fall victim to frogs, wasps, spiders, and dragonflies.

Ladybugs are happy in many different habitats, including grasslands, forests, cities, suburbs, and along rivers. Seven-spotted ladybugs are native to Europe but were brought to North America in the mid-1900s to control aphid populations.

Ladybugs are most active from spring until fall. When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm, secluded place to hibernate, such as in rotting logs, under rocks, or even inside houses. These hibernating colonies can contain thousands of ladybugs.

IMPERATIVES

COLLOCATIONS

MODAL

ADVERB OF MANNER

QUESTION TAG

REMAINING OBJECTS

REMAINING OBJECTS

We use one/ones to replace the objects/things. It means you do not need to write again the repetition objects. There are

DIRECT SPEECH, INDIRECT SPEECH

DIRECT SPEECH ( KALIMAT LANGSUNG ) , INDIRECT SPEECH ( KALIMAT TIDAK LANGSUNG )

Example:
1. Direct Speech     Shinta said," I will go to Bali next week."
    Indirect Speech   Shinta said that she would go to Bali next week.
2. Direct Speech     Bagus said, " I am going to study tour to Lombok."
    Indirect Speech   Bagus said that he was going to study tour to Lombok.

Perbedaannya:
a. Direct Speech menggunakan tanda baca "" untuk memisahkan ungkapan.
b. Indirect Speech menggunakan that sebagai penghubung kalimat berikutnya.

Pattern:

           DIRECT SPEECH                                                          INDIRECT SPEECH
I. ...said Subject + modal + Verb 1                                   ...that Subject + modal past + Verb 1
                            can                                                                              could
                            will                                                                              would
                            shall                                                                             should
                            may                                                                             might
                            must                                                                            must

II. ...said Subject + to be + Verb ing + to Verb1      ...that Subject + to be past + Verb ing + to Verb 1
                            is, am, are                                                       was, were

SEASONS

SEASON ( MUSIM )
a. Europe knows 4 seasons:
    1. summer ( musim panas )
    2. winter ( musim dingin )
    3. autumn ( musim gugur )
    4. spring ( musim semi )
b. Indonesia knows 2 seasons:
    1. dry season ( musim kemarau )
    2. wet season ( musim hujan )
Glossary:
- sunny : cerah
- cloudy : berawan
- stormy : angin kencang/badai
- rainy : hujan
- windy : angin
- chill : dingin
- warm : hangat

HAD BETTER/HAD BETTER NOT

HAD BETTER / HAD BETTER NOT ( SEBAIKNYA / SEBAIKNYA TIDAK )

Pattern: Subject + had better / had better not + Verb 1 + Object

Example:
1. Sukma had better go to school by bicycle.
   ( Sukma sebaiknya pergi ke sekolah naik sepeda )
2. The students had better not go to school by motorcycle.
   ( Murid-murid sebaiknya tidak pergi ke sekolah naik sepeda motor )


ADVERB OF FREQUENCY

Frequency, they are :
a. always
b. usually
c. often
d. seldom
e. rarely
f. ever
g. never

Pattern :
1. Subject + adverb of frequency + Verb 1 + Object
    Example :
    a. Mother usually go to the market every Sunday.
    b. The children always go to school on 6 o'clock.
2. Subject + to be ( is, am, are ) + adverb of frequency + Object
    a. Andika is always to school on time.
    b. Rama and Radit are often go for swimming.

MODULE

CAUSATIVE

oleh: Les Privat Collegium

Causative adalah suatu pola kalimat yang menyatakan bahwa seseorang / subyek menyebabkan orang lain melakukan sesuatu

1.  Active Causative
Subyek menyuruh atau menyebabkan objek (pelaku) melakukan suatu tindakan
Pola: 

Subyek + (have/make/let/help) + obyek (pelaku) + V1

Contoh :

• Rina had Toni learn English 

• (Rina menyuruh Toni belajar bahasa Inggris = Tonilah yang belajar bahasa Inggris)

• Rina made Toni take English Course

• (Rina menyuruh Toni mengambil kursus bahasa Inggris)

Pola di atas mempunyai makna yang sama dengan pola:
   Subyek + (ask/ get/ permit/ allow/ help) + obyek (pelaku) + to Infinitive


Contoh :

• Rina got Toni to learn English

• (Rina menyuruh Toni belajar bahasa Inggris = Tonilah yang belajar bahasa Inggris)

• Rina asked Toni to take English Course

• (Rina menyuruh Toni mengambil kursus bahasa Inggris)

2. Passive Causative
Apabila objek dalam causative berupa benda (mati), passive causative digunakan dimana subyek menginginkan sesuatu (obyek) dikerjakan oleh orang lain
Pola:
 Subyek + (have / get) + obyek (benda) + V3

Contoh:

• Tina got her car washed

• (Rina menyuruh mobilnya dicuci)

• Santos has his shirt cleaned at the drycleaner

• (Santos menyuruh bajunya dicuci di drycleaner)

Note:  Bila causative memakai “have”. “have” di sini berfungsi sebagai kata kerja penuh sehingga bentuk negative atau interrogative-nya menggunakan “do/does/did”
Contoh:

-          You have the flowers delivered (+)

-          Do you have the flowers delivered? (?)

-          You don’t have the flowers delivered (-)

Trik dan Cara Cepat Menjawab Soal

1. Bila kita dihadapkan pada pilihan jawaban yang hanya meminta untuk menentukan bentuk kata kerja, dan kebetulan di soal terdapat kata “have/has/had” maka pergunakan rumus berikut:

• Have/has/had + orang  + Verb 1
• Have/has/had + benda + Verb 3

• Bila kita dihadapkan pada pilihan jawaban yang hampir kesemuanya memiliki kata ‘have/has/had”, lalu kita hanya disuruh untuk memilih “have/has/had” mana yang benar, ingat kita tinggal mencari yang berpola sebagai berikut:  

• Have/has/had + orang  + Verb 1
• Have/has/had + benda + Verb 3

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